Overview (Verses 44 - 46)

Error Multiplied
 
Are you not aware of those who, having been granted a share of Divine revelations, now barter it away for error, and want you too to lose your way. But God knows best who are your enemies. God is sufficient for you as a patron, and God is sufficient to give succour. Among those of the Jewish faith there are some who take (revealed) words out of their context and say: “We have heard, but we disobey” and, “Hear; may you be bereft of hearing,” and, “Hearken to us.” Thus they distort the phrases with their tongues and imply that the true faith is false. Had they but said: “We have heard and we pay heed,” and “Hear us and have patience with us, “ it would have been for their own good and more proper. God has rejected them for their disbelief. It is only a few of them that believe. (Verses 44-46)
 
This is the first in a long series of statements which wonder at the attitude taken by the Jews. It is addressed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and to everyone who witnesses this singular stance. Since they have been given a portion of the Scriptures, namely the Torah, which was conveyed to them by God’s Messenger, Moses, it should have given them guidance, steering them away from their erroneous ways. They claim this portion and what it entails of Divine guidance, but they, nevertheless, barter it away for error. Use of the phrase, “barter it away for”, or more literally, “purchase” is very significant, because it implies an action taken after deliberation. They have guidance that they ignore and, hence, they prefer to he in error. The deal does not come as a result of ignorance or by mistake, but it is knowingly concluded. This is highly singular. Hence, the Qur’ān wonders at their attitude.
 
They do not, however, stop at that. They want that the Muslims who follow Divine guidance go astray, and they employ all means and devices to achieve that end. They try to obscure every source of guidance so that no one can follow the right way. In both respects, a warning is given to the Muslims against the Jews’ schemes. The Muslims cherished the fact that they had received guidance from God, were proud of following that guidance, and, hence, were naturally hostile to anyone who sought to force them back into past ignorance. They were aware of both outlooks but now loved Islam and hated ignorance. It is not surprising, therefore, that they took a strong view against anyone who tried to lead them away from guidance into error. God certainly knew their feelings and addressed them in this way, revealing to them the Jews’ intentions and designs. The Qur’ān, then, expressly brands the Jews as enemies of the Muslims and reassures the Muslim community that it will receive help from its Patron who is none other than God: “But God knows best who are your enemies. God is sufficient for you as a patron, and God is sufficient to give succour.” (Verse 45)
 
Distortion of God’s Words
 
At first, the wondering question is phrased in a way which means the people of the Scriptures in general. It is understood that those who were directly meant by this were the Jews of Madinah. Now the Qur’ān specifies the Jews and describes their rude behaviour towards the Prophet in the early years of his settlement in Madinah, before they were finally subdued: “Among those of the Jewish faith there are some who take (revealed) words out of their context and say: ‘We have heard, but we disobey’ and, ‘Hear; may you be bereft of hearing,’ and, ‘Hearken to us.’ Thus they distort the phrases with their tongues and imply that the true faith is false.” (Verse 46)
 
They have been so impudent and rude that they even distort revealed statements. Most probably, this is a reference to their different interpretation of statements given in the Torah from how they were actually intended. They did this in order to deny every reference to the final, Divine message and to remove every piece of legislation endorsed by the Qur’ān, God’s final revelation. Obviously, when the same legislation is given in both Scriptures, this is evidence of their common source, and, consequently, it is evidence emphasising the truthfulness of Muĥammad’s message. Distortion of religious statements so that they may be brought in line with people’s desires is a phenomenon common to any group of clergy who lose their way and who look at their religious knowledge as a profession in the service of the powerful, and who try at the same time to appease those elements of the masses wishing to release themselves from the discipline of religion. Perhaps the Jews excel all other people in this respect, although we have seen in our time some Muslims who take their religious knowledge as a profession. Indeed, some of these can compete favourably with the Jews.
 
Their rudeness towards the Prophet went so far that they said to him bluntly: “We hear what you say, Muĥammad! But we disobey it. We are not prepared to believe in you or follow you.” Again, this is an indication that these verses were revealed in the early period in Madinah. At that time, the Jews might have been so rude and offensive in their attitude to the Prophet. This is coupled with their bad manners and sly methods. They expressed themselves in a superficially polite way to the Prophet. Ostensibly, they said: “Hear, and no one may order you to hear, (this is a polite manner of speech), and be considerate to us,” taking account of our status. It is as though they wanted to say that since they had Divine revelations, they need not be called upon to embrace Islam in the same way as the idolaters were called on to believe in it. But they did not say these words in a straightforward manner. They twisted their words to distort their meaning, implying: “Hear; may you be bereft of hearing.” The other phrase mentioned in the Qur’ānic verse, “Have patience with us”, they distorted so as to describe the Prophet as rash. Thus they combined impudence with slyness and distortion of God’s revelations. This is typical of the Israelite nature.
 
The text then outlines that attitude which is worthy of people given Divine revelations. It assures them that they may still be rightly guided and generously rewarded if they would but only believe. But then their true nature is revealed: “Had they but said: ‘We have heard and we pay heed,’ and Hear us and have patience with us,’ it would have been for their own good and more proper. God has rejected them for their disbelief. It is only a few of them that believe.” (Verse 46)
 
Their problem is that they do not face up to the truth frankly and objectively. Had they done so and spoken in a straightforward manner, meaning what they said, it would have been far better for them and more appropriate for their situation. The truth of the matter is that because of their disbelief, they are rejected, outcast. Only a few of them ever accept the true faith.
 
God always says the truth. In the long history of Islam, only a very small number of Jews believed in it. These were people whom God rewarded their hard work in pursuit of what pleases Him by guiding them to the true faith. Otherwise, the overwhelming majority of Jews continued to be hostile to Islam and the Muslims for more than fourteen centuries. Their hostility started with Islam establishing its base so close to them in Madinah. Not once did they stop their multifarious scheming against Islam, and with a determination that never weakened. No one has ever worked against Islam during any period of its history, including the Crusades and all forms of colonialism, without having had some help and encouragement from the Jews.

Overview (Verses 44 - 46)

Error Multiplied
 
Are you not aware of those who, having been granted a share of Divine revelations, now barter it away for error, and want you too to lose your way. But God knows best who are your enemies. God is sufficient for you as a patron, and God is sufficient to give succour. Among those of the Jewish faith there are some who take (revealed) words out of their context and say: “We have heard, but we disobey” and, “Hear; may you be bereft of hearing,” and, “Hearken to us.” Thus they distort the phrases with their tongues and imply that the true faith is false. Had they but said: “We have heard and we pay heed,” and “Hear us and have patience with us, “ it would have been for their own good and more proper. God has rejected them for their disbelief. It is only a few of them that believe. (Verses 44-46)
 
This is the first in a long series of statements which wonder at the attitude taken by the Jews. It is addressed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and to everyone who witnesses this singular stance. Since they have been given a portion of the Scriptures, namely the Torah, which was conveyed to them by God’s Messenger, Moses, it should have given them guidance, steering them away from their erroneous ways. They claim this portion and what it entails of Divine guidance, but they, nevertheless, barter it away for error. Use of the phrase, “barter it away for”, or more literally, “purchase” is very significant, because it implies an action taken after deliberation. They have guidance that they ignore and, hence, they prefer to he in error. The deal does not come as a result of ignorance or by mistake, but it is knowingly concluded. This is highly singular. Hence, the Qur’ān wonders at their attitude.
 
They do not, however, stop at that. They want that the Muslims who follow Divine guidance go astray, and they employ all means and devices to achieve that end. They try to obscure every source of guidance so that no one can follow the right way. In both respects, a warning is given to the Muslims against the Jews’ schemes. The Muslims cherished the fact that they had received guidance from God, were proud of following that guidance, and, hence, were naturally hostile to anyone who sought to force them back into past ignorance. They were aware of both outlooks but now loved Islam and hated ignorance. It is not surprising, therefore, that they took a strong view against anyone who tried to lead them away from guidance into error. God certainly knew their feelings and addressed them in this way, revealing to them the Jews’ intentions and designs. The Qur’ān, then, expressly brands the Jews as enemies of the Muslims and reassures the Muslim community that it will receive help from its Patron who is none other than God: “But God knows best who are your enemies. God is sufficient for you as a patron, and God is sufficient to give succour.” (Verse 45)
 
Distortion of God’s Words
 
At first, the wondering question is phrased in a way which means the people of the Scriptures in general. It is understood that those who were directly meant by this were the Jews of Madinah. Now the Qur’ān specifies the Jews and describes their rude behaviour towards the Prophet in the early years of his settlement in Madinah, before they were finally subdued: “Among those of the Jewish faith there are some who take (revealed) words out of their context and say: ‘We have heard, but we disobey’ and, ‘Hear; may you be bereft of hearing,’ and, ‘Hearken to us.’ Thus they distort the phrases with their tongues and imply that the true faith is false.” (Verse 46)
 
They have been so impudent and rude that they even distort revealed statements. Most probably, this is a reference to their different interpretation of statements given in the Torah from how they were actually intended. They did this in order to deny every reference to the final, Divine message and to remove every piece of legislation endorsed by the Qur’ān, God’s final revelation. Obviously, when the same legislation is given in both Scriptures, this is evidence of their common source, and, consequently, it is evidence emphasising the truthfulness of Muĥammad’s message. Distortion of religious statements so that they may be brought in line with people’s desires is a phenomenon common to any group of clergy who lose their way and who look at their religious knowledge as a profession in the service of the powerful, and who try at the same time to appease those elements of the masses wishing to release themselves from the discipline of religion. Perhaps the Jews excel all other people in this respect, although we have seen in our time some Muslims who take their religious knowledge as a profession. Indeed, some of these can compete favourably with the Jews.
 
Their rudeness towards the Prophet went so far that they said to him bluntly: “We hear what you say, Muĥammad! But we disobey it. We are not prepared to believe in you or follow you.” Again, this is an indication that these verses were revealed in the early period in Madinah. At that time, the Jews might have been so rude and offensive in their attitude to the Prophet. This is coupled with their bad manners and sly methods. They expressed themselves in a superficially polite way to the Prophet. Ostensibly, they said: “Hear, and no one may order you to hear, (this is a polite manner of speech), and be considerate to us,” taking account of our status. It is as though they wanted to say that since they had Divine revelations, they need not be called upon to embrace Islam in the same way as the idolaters were called on to believe in it. But they did not say these words in a straightforward manner. They twisted their words to distort their meaning, implying: “Hear; may you be bereft of hearing.” The other phrase mentioned in the Qur’ānic verse, “Have patience with us”, they distorted so as to describe the Prophet as rash. Thus they combined impudence with slyness and distortion of God’s revelations. This is typical of the Israelite nature.
 
The text then outlines that attitude which is worthy of people given Divine revelations. It assures them that they may still be rightly guided and generously rewarded if they would but only believe. But then their true nature is revealed: “Had they but said: ‘We have heard and we pay heed,’ and Hear us and have patience with us,’ it would have been for their own good and more proper. God has rejected them for their disbelief. It is only a few of them that believe.” (Verse 46)
 
Their problem is that they do not face up to the truth frankly and objectively. Had they done so and spoken in a straightforward manner, meaning what they said, it would have been far better for them and more appropriate for their situation. The truth of the matter is that because of their disbelief, they are rejected, outcast. Only a few of them ever accept the true faith.
 
God always says the truth. In the long history of Islam, only a very small number of Jews believed in it. These were people whom God rewarded their hard work in pursuit of what pleases Him by guiding them to the true faith. Otherwise, the overwhelming majority of Jews continued to be hostile to Islam and the Muslims for more than fourteen centuries. Their hostility started with Islam establishing its base so close to them in Madinah. Not once did they stop their multifarious scheming against Islam, and with a determination that never weakened. No one has ever worked against Islam during any period of its history, including the Crusades and all forms of colonialism, without having had some help and encouragement from the Jews.